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London researchers adapt MRI technology to image salt within the kidneys
LONDON, ON – In a newly published study, scientists at Lawson Health Research Institute have adapted PET/MRI technology to accurately image salt within the kidneys of patients with kidney disease.
“Salt is very difficult to image in an MRI because the signal is much weaker than water,” explains Dr. Christopher McIntyre, Lawson Scientist and Nephrologist at London Health Sciences Centre (LHSC). “We wanted to find a way to look at the fundamental role of the kidney in getting rid of salt and water by using a functional MRI.”
Imaging salt within the kidneys has never been accurately accomplished in patients with kidney disease, but Dr. McIntyre and his team developed new technology and software that was adaptable to a PET/MRI machine at St. Joseph’s Health Care London. The new technology allowed the machine to image salt and water levels within the kidney.
“Salt within the kidneys have only been imaged in pre-clinical models, and low weight, healthy volunteers,” says Dr. McIntyre. “Since the kidney is further away from the MRI coils, and the organ moves when a person breathes, it is definitely very hard to image.”
This was the first study to use MRI to look at salt within the kidneys with a wide range of participant with different body types (10 healthy volunteers), as well as patients with kidney disease (five patients). The research team also imaged patients who had a combination of kidney disease and heart failure, because it is especially important for those patients specifically to be able to release salt and water as part of their treatments.
Currently, clinicians rely on kidney biopsies to measure salt levels, but Dr. McIntyre says that method isn’t as accurate or effective as it could be.
“The problem is that the biopsies are painful, they have risks, and because it is a small sample of the kidney, we don’t get an accurate perspective of the kidney as a whole,” Dr. McIntyre explains.
The study, which is published in Radiology has now opened the door to new possibilities when it comes to clinical care for patients with kidney disease.
“Salt is very toxic in patients with kidney failure,” adds Dr. McIntyre. “This will now allow us to diagnose and manage both chronic and acute kidney disease. It is a significant step forward.”
The next steps for the research team will be to compare salt MRI’s to biopsies, while also examining potential new therapy developments.
“We are hoping we will have a higher degree of certainty moving forward to predict what will happen within the kidneys of these patients, with the possibility of using new targeted and effective treatments in the future,” notes Dr. McIntyre.
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New study shows technology could play an important role in mental health support
In a study published in MDPI Journal, a team of researchers at Lawson Health Research Institute have shown that the use of technology may assist in better outcomes for those living with both mental health and physical disorders.
Dr. Cheryl Forchuk, Assistant Scientific Director at Lawson, and her team embarked on a pilot study that used smart home monitoring solutions to assist those living with both a mental health disorder and other health challenges. The purpose of this pilot study was to see if technology could improve overall lifestyle and wellbeing.
“We began our research by using hospital prototype apartments – apartment style care spaces within hospital settings – that were equipped with smart home technology solutions such as a screen device, activity trackers, weigh scales and medication dispensers,” says Dr. Forchuk who is also the Beryl and Richard Ivey Research Chair in Aging, Mental Health, Rehabilitation and Recovery at St. Joseph’s Health care London. “Once we tested it in a hospital setting, we wanted to find a way to take this idea out into the community in different kinds of housing and living situations to see if it would be beneficial.”
The research team partnered with the Canadian Mental Health Association (CMHA) and the London and Middlesex Community Housing (LMCH) to work together to retrofit the homes of the 13 study participants.
“We worked together with the participants and their care providers to choose what combination of technology they felt would be best for them,” says Dr. Forchuk. “No matter their health condition each participant wanted to be more active and independent, with the goal of staying out of hospital.”
All smart devices were connected to the Lawson Integrated Database, which is a database that can securely collect data from multiple sources such as health devices. This allowed care providers to send reminders to participants, while also tracking usage and results.
“The key benefits we noted was that study participants started to live healthier lives,” says Jonathan Serrato, Lawson Research Associate. “Participants logged going for walks and exercising more often, as well as making healthier food choices. Those who used the medication dispensers did not miss a single dose. The touch screen devices also allowed participants to easily communicate with care providers and support networks, and access more resources.”
Following the pilot study, the research team also published a subsequent paper, as a ‘how-to guide’ for utilizing smart home technology interventions as a health care tool.
“This paper is a helpful resource that outlines implications and considerations when it comes to smart home technologies,” adds Serrato. “There are many areas we touch upon such as security, privacy and feasibility as well as hardware and software information for those who would like to take on their own similar type of smart home technology project.”
Surgical Specialties
Every patient who has visited the renowned Roth|McFarlane Hand and Upper Limb Centre at St. Joseph’s has benefited from research performed at Lawson Research Institute.
Each sight-saving consultation and surgical procedure at the Ivey Eye Institute has been informed by rigorous inquiry and discovery.
Behind the scenes of every breast-care and urology procedure is a team of researchers whose curiosity, innovation and robust trials are setting global standards of excellence.
While the surgical research specialties at St. Joseph’s span a range of human health conditions, they hold in common a drive to translate their findings to better patient health.
They examine new surgical procedures, techniques, devices and medications. They initiate and evaluate clinical trials that inform surgical education and improve surgical practices around the world.
Lawson leads the way in specialty surgical research. Learn more:
From holograph-assisted shoulder surgery to cutting-edge glaucoma treatments, Lawson research is visionary.
Lawson leads the way in specialty surgical research. Read on to discover where it will lead you.